A person may have a multitude of attitudes, but for the purpose of our study let us know about the job-related attitudes.
Types of
Attitudes
A person may have a multitude of
attitudes, but for the purpose of our study let us know about the job-related
attitudes. These job-related attitudes are positive or negative evaluations
held by employees about various aspects of their work environment. Essentially,
there are three important attitudes concerned with job: job satisfaction, job involvement, and organizational commitment.
Job Satisfaction
One of the tasks of a manager is
to provide job satisfaction to the employees. Job satisfaction refers to an
individual’s general attitude toward his or her job. A person with a high level
of job satisfaction holds positive attitudes toward the job, while a person
with low job satisfaction holds negative atti¬tudes towards the job. When we
talk about employee attitudes, mostly we mean job satisfaction. As a matter of
fact, the two are closely related.
Job Involvement
The term “job involvement” is relatively a recent concept in the litera¬ture.
There is no complete agreement over what the term means. Generally, it refers
to the degree to which a person identifies with his job, actively participates
in it, and considers his perfor¬mance important to his self-worth. Individuals
who express high involvement in their jobs are likely to be more productive,
have higher satisfaction, and are less likely to resign than employees with low
involvement.
Organizational Commitment
Commitment reflects an individual’s
orientation toward the organization by tapping his or her loyalty to,
identification with, and involvement in the organization. Individuals who are highly
committed see their identity as closely attached to that of the organization.
Like job involvement, highly committed employees will be better performers and
have lower turnover than those with low levels of commitment to the
organization.
It may be understood that when
people talk about job attitudes and their impact on behav¬ior, obviously they
are referring to the positive or negative appraisals that people make about
their job or organization. Job satisfaction is the most popular attitude measured
in organizations, but more recently there has been increased attention given to
job involvement and organizational commitment. All these attitudes are measured
with a view to predict employee behaviours like performance, productivity, absenteeism,
turnover and unionization.
Tags : Management Concepts & Organisational Behaviour - Values And Attitudes
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