Management Concepts & Organisational Behaviour - Motivation
Motivational Sources
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Having understood the concept of motivation, now let us understand the various sources of motivation.
Motivational
Sources
Having understood the concept of motivation, now let us understand the various sources of motivation. You may note that motivation may sometimes come from external environment in the form of rewards or punishments and sometimes it is generated from within an employee in the form of intrinsic motivation. It may be recognized that under the same set of external factors, all employees are not equally motivated. It depends upon various factors which you can understand when you go through the different motivational theories. The motivational sources are explained below.
Motivation may be either positive or negative. Positive motivation takes place when management recognizes the employee’s efforts towards the achievement of organizational goals. It is positive because, this kind of motivation increases the level of performance, promotes team spirit, a sense of cooperation and generates a feeling of belongingness and happiness. The positive motivational factors are:
-- Praise and reward for good performance.
-- Concern for the well being of an employee.
-- Confidence reposed in the employee.
-- Delegation of authority
-- Scope of participation given in the decision making.
Negative motivation, on the other hand, results from the use of force, pressure, fear or threat. You may note that fear of punishment also affects motivation and thereby the behaviour of a person. In the organizations, negative motivation may come from the fear of being transferred, demoted or removed. This fear of punishment prompts the person to work hard and achieve the goals. It may, however, be realized that negative motivation is not desirable because employees do not like to be punished. Hence, it is desirable to motivate the employees by positive means.
Motivation may be either extrinsic or intrinsic. Extrinsic motivation is induced by external factors primarily financial rewards. It is expected that the behaviour caused by positive rewards is likely to be repeated. But the reward should be sufficiently powerful for desirable behaviour to be repeated. Money acts as a significant incentive for positive behaviour of employees. Realizing the value of financial incentives as motivators, managements now-a-days make use of wage increments, bonus payment, fringe benefits, stock options, profit sharing schemes, paid holidays, medical benefits, etc. for motivating the employees.
Intrinsic motivation is something that is generated within an individual. It is an inner feeling. It may be a sense of achievement or recognition leading to satisfaction that motivates the employee further. Since this kind of motivation comes from within, it is called intrinsic motivation. There are many retired doctors who work free in the hospitals because it gives them a sense of accomplishment and satisfaction. Some of the intrinsic motivators include praise, status, recognition, esteem, challenge, risk and responsibility in job.
Having understood the concept of motivation, now let us understand the various sources of motivation. You may note that motivation may sometimes come from external environment in the form of rewards or punishments and sometimes it is generated from within an employee in the form of intrinsic motivation. It may be recognized that under the same set of external factors, all employees are not equally motivated. It depends upon various factors which you can understand when you go through the different motivational theories. The motivational sources are explained below.
Positive vs. Negative Motivation
Motivation may be either positive or negative. Positive motivation takes place when management recognizes the employee’s efforts towards the achievement of organizational goals. It is positive because, this kind of motivation increases the level of performance, promotes team spirit, a sense of cooperation and generates a feeling of belongingness and happiness. The positive motivational factors are:
-- Praise and reward for good performance.
-- Concern for the well being of an employee.
-- Confidence reposed in the employee.
-- Delegation of authority
-- Scope of participation given in the decision making.
Negative motivation, on the other hand, results from the use of force, pressure, fear or threat. You may note that fear of punishment also affects motivation and thereby the behaviour of a person. In the organizations, negative motivation may come from the fear of being transferred, demoted or removed. This fear of punishment prompts the person to work hard and achieve the goals. It may, however, be realized that negative motivation is not desirable because employees do not like to be punished. Hence, it is desirable to motivate the employees by positive means.
Extrinsic Vs. Intrinsic Motivation
Motivation may be either extrinsic or intrinsic. Extrinsic motivation is induced by external factors primarily financial rewards. It is expected that the behaviour caused by positive rewards is likely to be repeated. But the reward should be sufficiently powerful for desirable behaviour to be repeated. Money acts as a significant incentive for positive behaviour of employees. Realizing the value of financial incentives as motivators, managements now-a-days make use of wage increments, bonus payment, fringe benefits, stock options, profit sharing schemes, paid holidays, medical benefits, etc. for motivating the employees.
Intrinsic motivation is something that is generated within an individual. It is an inner feeling. It may be a sense of achievement or recognition leading to satisfaction that motivates the employee further. Since this kind of motivation comes from within, it is called intrinsic motivation. There are many retired doctors who work free in the hospitals because it gives them a sense of accomplishment and satisfaction. Some of the intrinsic motivators include praise, status, recognition, esteem, challenge, risk and responsibility in job.
Tags : Management Concepts & Organisational Behaviour - Motivation
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