Environment comprises all those forces which have their bearing on the functioning of various activities, including human resource activities.
Environment of HRM
Environment comprises all those
forces which have their bearing on the functioning of various activities,
including human resource activities. Environment scanning helps HR manager to
become pro-active to the environment which is characterized by change and
intense competition. There are two types of environment which operates and have
bearing on human resources.
Internal Environment
These are the forces internal to
an organization. Internal forces have profound influence on HR functions. The
internal environment of HRM consists of unions, organizational culture and
conflict, professional bodies, organizational objectives, policies, etc.
Trade Union: Trade Unions are formed to
safeguard the interest of its member
workers, HR activities like recruitment, selection, training, compensation,
industrial relations and separation are carried out in consultation with trade
union leaders. Various activities of trade unions have a bearing on the HRM.
Organizational
culture and conflict:
As individuals have personality,
organizations have cultures. Each organization has its own culture, which it
cherishes and wants to retain and follow faithfully. Culture is some core
values and beliefs cherished by the members of the organization. The Reliance
Industries Ltd., has “value for time”, as its core culture. Tatas have the core
culture of “get the best people and set them free”. HR practices that best fit
the organization’s culture need to be implemented. Conflict usually surfaces
because of dualities such as personal goal, vs. organizational goal, discipline
vs. duties etc. Such conflicts have their bearings on HR activities in an
organization.
NIPM
& HR Professional Bodies
NIPM regulates HR practitioners.
As a member of NIPM, the dictums are: As
personnel Manager declare that I shall
1. Subscribe to the aims and objects of the National Institute of Personnel Management and be bound by its constitution.
2. Recognize and accept the dignity of an individual as human being, irrespective of religion, language, caste or creed.
3. Maintain high standard of integrity and behaviour demanded by the profession.
4. Conduct myself as responsible member of the management team committed to the achievement of the organizational goals.
5. Take keen interest in the establishment of healthy personnel practices and development of the profession.
6. Try to win confidence and gain respect of the employees and make myself available to them, provide formal and informal intervention to resolve industrial conflicts.
7. Endeavour to enhance the good name of my profession in dealing with other professional bodies, government departments, and employer’s
and employees’ organizations.
8. Cooperate in maximizing the
effectiveness of the profession by exchanging freely information and experience
with other members.
9. Not allow any interest other than
professional to interfere with my official work.
10. Not to disclose any information
of a confidential nature that I may acquire in the course of my professional
work without obtaining the consent of those concerned and shall not use
confidential information for personal gains.
11. Not accept or offer any improper
gratification in any form or manner whatever in connection with or in the
course of my professional work. and
12. Not to take acquiesce in such action which may bring the institute
or the profession into disrepute.
External Environment
External environment also exerts
considerable influence or HRM. External environment includes economic,
political, technological and demographic factors.
Economic Factors
Economic forces such as growth
rate and strategy, industrial production, national and per-capita incomes,
money and capital markets, competitions, industrial labour and globalization
have impact on HRM policies. Growing unemployment and reservations in
employment also affect the choice for recruitment and selection of employees in
organizations.
Political Factors
The total political environment
is composed of legislature, executive and judiciary and all of them have impact
on placement, training retention and maintenance of employees.Technology is a systematic
application of organized knowledge to practical tasks. Technological advances
affect the HR functions in several ways. Technology makes the job more
intellectual or upgraded. Secondly, it renders workers dislocated, if they do
not equip themselves to the job. Thirdly, job becomes challenging for the
employees who cope with the requirements of technology. Further, technology
reduces human interaction at the work place. Finally, job holders become highly
professionalized and knowledge based in the job they perform. Demographic
Demographic variables include
sex, age, literacy, mobility, etc., All these have different dimensions in
employment and placement.
Tags : Human Resources Management - An Overview
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