The principal objective of development planning is human development and the attainment of higher standard of living for the people.
Introduction of Employment And Unemployment In India
The principal objective of
development planning is human development and the attainment of higher standard
of living for the people. This requires a more equitable distribution of
benefits of development and opportunities, better living environment and
empowerment of the poor and marginalized. There is special need to empower
women who can act as catalysts for change. In making the development process
inclusive, the challenge is to formulate policies and programmes to bridge
regional, social and economic disparities in as effective and sustainable a
manner as possible.
The projected increase in total
labour force during 11th Plan was 45 million. As against this, 58 million
employment opportunities are targeted to be created during the Eleventh Plan.
This is expected to reduce unemployment rate to below 5 per cent. The Eleventh
Plan emphasizes that the growth in various sectors of the economy can be
achieved only if supported by appropriate skill development programmes at
various levels. The Eleventh Plan document has spelt out certain deficiencies
in the skill development scenario in the country as it exists presently. The
thrust of the plan therefore will be on creating a pool of skilled manpower in
appropriate number with adequate skills, in line with the requirements of the
ultimate users of manpower such as the industry, trade and service sector. Such
an effort is necessary to support the employment expansion through inclusive
growth including in particular a shift of surplus labour from agriculture to
non-agriculture.
The basic weakness in our employment performance is the failure of the
Indian economy to create a sufficient volume of additional high quality
employment to absorb the new entrants into the labour force while also
facilitating the absorption of surplus labour that currently exists in the
agricultural sector, into higher wage, non-agricultural employment. A
successful transition to inclusive growth requires migration of such surplus
workers to other areas for productive and gainful employment in the organized
or unorganized sector. Women agricultural workers in families where the male
head has migrated, also require special attention ,given the need for credit
and other inputs if they are self-employed in agriculture or for wage
employment if they do not have land.
As a manager it is essential to
understand the concepts related to employment and unemployment. Let us see the
basic definitions. Employment:
When persons are holding a job
and they perform for any paid work. Also if workers hold jobs because of
illness, strike or vacation, they are considered as employed. Full Employment:
When 94-95% of them are employed
or highest sustainable level of employment over the long run is called as full
employment. Under Employment:
Less than
full employment is called as under employment.Unemployment:
When people are not working and
are actively looking for work or waiting to return to work, such a situation
may be called as unemployment. Tags : Managerial Economics - Employment And Unemployment In India
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